Everything about United States National Republican Party totally explained
» For the party of Abraham Lincoln to George W. Bush, see Republican Party (United States) (G.O.P.).
For the party of Thomas Jefferson, see Democratic-Republican Party (United States).
The
National Republicans and its precursor factions of
Adams supporters and
Anti-Jacksonian politicians existed from approximately 1825–1833.
Before the elevation of
John Quincy Adams to the presidency in 1825, the
Democratic-Republican Party, which had been the only truly national American political party for over a decade, began to dissolve, losing its infrastructure and identity. Its caucuses no longer met to select candidates. After the
Election of 1824, factions developed in support of Adams and in support of
Andrew Jackson. Adams politicians would gradually evolve into the National Republican party, and those politicians that supported Jackson would later help form the modern
Democratic Party.
The ad-hoc coalition that supported John Quincy Adams fell apart after his defeat for reelection in 1828. The main opposition to Jackson, the new president, was the National Republican Party, or Anti-Jacksonians created and run by
Henry Clay. It shared the same nationalistic outlook as the Adamsites, and wanted to use national resources to build a strong economy. Its platform was Clay's
American System of nationally financed internal improvements and a protective tariff, which would promote faster economic development. More important, by binding together the diverse interests of the different regions, the party intended to promote national unity and harmony. The National Republicans saw the Union as a corporate, organic whole. Hence the rank and file idealized Clay for his comprehensive perspective on the national interest. Conversely, they disdained those they identified as "party" politicians for pandering to local interests at the expense of the national interest. The party met in national convention in late 1831 and nominated Clay for the presidency and
John Sergeant for the vice presidency. The
Whig Party emerged in 1833–34 after Clay's defeat as a coalition of National Republicans, along with
Anti-Masons, disaffected Jacksonians, and people whose last political activity was with the
Federalists a decade before.
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